History of the Teamsters Union (Kan 2024)
Teamsters Union, navn med International Brotherhood of Teamsters, Chauffeurs, Warehousemen and Helpers of America, tidligere (indtil 1940) International Brotherhood of Teamsters, Chauffeurs, Stablemen og Helpers of America (IBT), den største arbejdsunion i den private sektor i USA, der repræsenterer lastbilchauffører og arbejdstagere i beslægtede brancher (såsom luftfart).
Quiz
Verdensorganisationer: fakta eller fiktion?
Verdenssundhedsorganisationen er en specialiseret filial af De Forenede Staters regering.
Forbundet blev dannet i 1903, da Team Drivers International Union (1899) fusionerede med Teamsters National Union (1902). Lokale leverandører, der brugte hestetrukne køretøjer, forblev kernemedlemmet indtil 1930'erne, hvor de blev afløst af intercity-lastbilchauffører. Fra 1907 til 1952 blev unionen ledet af Daniel J. Tobin, der øgede medlemskabet fra 40.000 i 1907 til mere end 1.000.000 i 1950. Det var blevet landets største union i 1940. Præsidenter Dave Beck (1952–57) og James Hoffa (1957–71) formede Teamsters til en stærkt centraliseret union, der var i stand til at forhandle landsdækkende godstogsaftaler. Præsidenter Ron Carey (1992–99) og James P. Hoffa (1999–), søn af en tidligere præsident, fokuserede på jobssikkerhed og familiespørgsmål.
The union’s size, along with the threat of halting shipments of essential goods, gave the Teamsters great bargaining power. But the union’s magnitude also provided some officials with opportunities for violently pressuring small employers or profiting, in consort with organized crime, from the manipulation of union pension funds. In the wake of corruption disclosures implicating Teamster leadership, the American Federation of Labor–Congress of Industrial Organizations (AFL–CIO) expelled the union in 1957—after almost 60 years of membership in the AFL.
Between 1957 and 1988, three of the Teamsters’ presidents—Beck, the elder Hoffa, and Roy L. Williams—were convicted of various crimes and sentenced to prison terms. After his release from prison, Hoffa disappeared in 1975; many believe he was killed by members of organized crime. The Teamsters Union was readmitted to the AFL–CIO in 1987. In 1988 the Justice Department filed a civil racketeering suit against the union, but the suit was settled out of court in 1989. In 1992, given their first chance to directly elect their national leaders, members chose as president Carey, the candidate supported by the reformist group Teamsters for a Democratic Union. While Teamster representation of truck drivers declined with the growth of nonunion trucking companies in the 1980s, the union gained many new members through its efforts to organize workers in clerical, service, and technology occupations.
In 1997 the Teamsters galvanized media attention and public support when their strike against United Parcel Service (UPS) stopped the delivery of thousands of packages worldwide. The strike centred on the extensive use of part-time employees by UPS. In the agreement negotiated with UPS, the Teamsters won 10,000 new full-time jobs over the course of the five-year contract. In later years the Teamsters became increasingly dissatisfied with the AFL-CIO, especially its inability to increase union membership. In 2005 the Teamsters disaffiliated from the AFL-CIO and, with several other unions, helped establish the Change to Win coalition.
